notuntil的用法

not…until

句型的用法,例句

1.如果(主)句中的谓语动词是终止性动词,应采用“...not

...until

...”结构,意为“……到……时候才……”.例如:

you

mustn’t

eat

anything

until

you

see

the

doctor.

看过医生之后,你才能吃东西.

don’t

get

off

the

bus

until

it

has

stopped.

车停稳了以后再下车.

2.如果(主)句中的谓语动词是延续性动词,那么谓语动词用肯定式或否定式,它们所表达的意思有所不同.

1)

如果谓语动词为肯定式,则until译为“到……时候为止”.例如:

i

watched

tv

until

she

came

back.

我看电视一直看到她回来.

2)

如果谓语动词为否定式,则until应译为“到……时候才”,即“在……以前不”.例如:

i

did

not

watch

tv

until

she

came

back.(=

i

began

to

watch

tv

when/after

she

came

back.)

直到她回来我才开始看电视.

3.用终止性动词作谓语时,until既可以和not连用,又可以和never,nobody,nothing,few,

little,seldom,hardly等含否定意义的词连用.例如:

i

had

not

seen

him

until

1990.(=

i

had

never

seen

him

until

1990.)

1990年以前我从未见过他。

don’t

put

off

until

tomorrow

what

you

can

do

today.(=

never

put

off

what

you

can

do

today

till

tomorrow.)

今日事,今日毕。

4.连词until引导的从句中谓语动词的时态。

1)

主句的谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时时,until从句中的谓语动词为现在完成时,用来强调从句谓语动词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前.试比较:

i

won’t

go

to

bed

until

i

have

finished

my

homework.

我要完成作业才睡觉.

2)

主句中的谓语动词为一般过去时时,从句中的谓语动词为过去完成时,用来强调从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前.试比较:

li

lei

didn’t

come

until

the

film

had

begun.

直到电影开演,李雷才来.

〔特别提醒〕

till和until的意思基本相同,用法也基本一样,但until语气较重,多用于较正式的文体里.till多用于英式英语,until多用于美式英语;

till不能用在句首,也不能用在not开头的短语或从句里,而until可以.例如:

until

he

came

home,we

knew

the

news.

在他到家之前,我们不知道这消息.

not

until

nine

o’clock

yesterday

evening

did

we

finish

the

work.

直到昨晚九点,我们才完成这项工作.