attack这个英文单词是什么意思？

attack

n.

进攻, 攻击, (用语言)抨击, 批评, 疾病发作, 侵袭

vt.

攻击, 抨击, 动手处理(某事)

vi.

攻击

v.（动词）

at.tacked， at.tack.ing， at.tacks

v.tr.（及物动词）

To set upon with violent force.

袭击，攻击：以暴力攻击

To criticize strongly or in a hostile manner.

抨击，责骂：严厉的或不礼貌的批评

To start work on with purpose and vigor:

着手，开始：有目的、精力旺盛的开始工作：

attack a problem.

着手解决问题

To begin to affect harmfully:

侵袭，侵犯：开始有害影响：

The disease had already attacked the central nervous system.

疾病已侵犯了中枢神经系统

v.intr.（不及物动词）

To make an attack; launch an assault:

袭击，突击：进行攻击；发动攻击：

The enemy attacked during the night.

敌人在夜间发动攻击

n.（名词）

The act or an instance of attacking; an assault.

进攻，攻击：攻击的行为或实例；猛烈而突然的袭击

An expression of strong criticism; hostile comment:

攻击，抨击：严厉谴责的表达；恶意的评论：

vicious attacks in all the newspapers.

在所有报纸上进行抨击

Sports

体育运动

An offensive action in a sport or game.

进攻动作：体育运动或游戏中采取的进攻

The players executing such an action.

进攻队员：体育运动中采取进攻的运动员

The initial movement in a task or undertaking:

着手，开始：任务或事业的开始：

made an optimistic attack on the pile of paperwork.

乐观地着手一大堆的案头工作

An episode or onset of a disease, especially an occurrence of a chronic disease:

患病，突然发病：患病的经历或疾病的开始，尤指慢性疾病的发作：

an asthma attack.

气喘病发作

The experience or beginning of a feeling, need, or desire:

渴望：某种感觉、需求或渴望的经历或开始：

an attack of hunger; an attack of melancholy.

饥饿感觉的侵袭；感到忧郁

Music The beginning or manner of beginning a piece, passage, or tone.

音乐 起声，起奏：一段、一章或一曲音乐的开始或风格

Decisiveness and clarity in artistic expression:

感染力：艺术表达的力度及思想的明晰：

a careful performance, but one lacking the rigorous attack the work demands.

一场精心设计但缺乏作品所需感染力的表演

French attaquer

法语 attaquer

from Old French

源自 古法语

from Old Italian *estaccare

源自 古意大利语 *estaccare

[of Germanic origin]

[日耳曼语源的]

attack“er

n.（名词）

attack， bombard， assail， storm， assault， beset

These verbs mean to set upon, physically or figuratively.

这些动词都表示实际或象征性地攻击。

Attack applies to offensive action, physical or verbal, and especially to the onset of planned aggression:

attack 暗示对身体上或言辞上的进攻行为，尤指有计划地发动进攻：

The commandos attacked the outpost at dawn.

突击队员于拂晓时袭击了前哨基地。

The governor was attacked by the press for failing to keep a campaign promise.

市长因未遵守竞选时的诺言而被报界攻击。

Bombard suggests showering with bombs or shells (

Bombard 指炸弹或炮弹轰击（

The fleet anchored in the bay and bombarded the town) or figuratively with words (

舰队在海湾抛锚并轰击了城镇） 或用言语象征性的攻击（

The television star was bombarded with invitations).

请帖象炮弹般发向电视明星）。

Assail implies repeated attacks:

Assail 意指反复地打击：

an area assailed by enemy forces from both directions;

被敌人武装力量从两个方向袭击的地区；

a novel assailed by critics;

一部被评论家抨击的小说；

a member of the jury assailed by doubts.

许多陪审员被疑点所困扰。

Storm refers to a sudden, sweeping attempt to achieve a victory:

Storm 指为获取胜利而进行的突然、全面的袭击：

Some of the rebels were killed in the act of storming the citadel.

一些反叛者在突袭城堡时被杀。

“Yet, only a few months after triumphantly storming the country, [the President] is obliged to storm Capitol Hill, with greater difficulty and with less than complete success” (Economist).

“然而，胜利席卷乡村后只有几个月的时间， 就被迫去进攻坎皮特山，困难很大然而取得全面成功的机会很小” （经济学家）。

Assault usually implies sudden, intense violence:

Assault 通常指突发的集中的暴力行为：

Muggers often assault their victims on dark streets.

歹徒时常在黑暗的街道上攻击被害者。

Strobe lights assaulted my eyes.

灯光刺伤了我的眼睛。

Beset suggests beleaguerment from all sides by an enemy force or by adversity:

Beset 指受到敌人武装力量或敌对者的各方围攻：

The fox was beset by hunters and hounds.

狐狸被猎人和猎狗围攻。

The city council is beset by problems.

城市委员会遇到各种难题

attack

源自法语 attaquer 攻击

attack,charge,assail,descend on,overtake这组动词都表示“袭击”或“进攻”。

attack 是常用词，可以表示任何意义上的“袭击”或“进攻”。

It immediately ran away when she saw it,and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.

当她看到它时，它便跑开了。而且专家证实，美洲狮除非被逼到绝境，它是不攻击人的。

charge 表示向敌人或敌人的阵地进行猛烈攻击。

Apparently sensitive to criticism,the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk.

那公牛显然对批评话是敏感的，所以它把斗牛士全忘记了，向那醉汉冲了过去。

assail 所表示的“进攻”不仅猛烈，而且含有“接二连三的攻击”的意思，此外应注意：攻击者的胜利不取决于其实力或进攻的效果，而取决于攻击的坚持不懈和毅力。

I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring.

我刚刚下了船，一个想卖给我钻石戒指的人便向我发动了进攻。

descend on 指捕食的鹰俯冲下来捕捉牺牲品，但它常常用于形象的比喻。

On the day before our departure,several bus loads of tourists descended on the town.

在我们离开那里的前一天，好几个公***汽车，满载着游客向这个城镇扑了过来。

overtake 的原义是“赶上或追上”，在表示袭击时，主语通常是“风暴、灾难、不幸的事情”等。在用作“袭击”时，与其原义有关系，汉语中也有“那时正赶上天下大乱”等类似的表达方式。

We know instinctively,just as beekeepers with their bees that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.

我们本能地懂得，正如养蜂人对待蜜蜂一样，如果不把我们生活中的重大事件告诉这条河，我们就会遭到厄运的袭击。