livingthings

live adj. 有生命的;活着的:现场直播的

The cat was playing with a live mouse.那猫在玩一只活老鼠。

a live television program 现场直播的电视节目

alive adj. 活的,活着的

The fish we caught is still alive. 我们捉的鱼还活着。

lively adj. 活泼的;生气勃勃的; 很有精神的; 愉快的

a lively discussion 热烈的讨论 a lively market 活跃的市场

take a lively interest in 对...抱有强烈兴趣

living adj. 活着的,有生命的

a living plant 活的植物

She has no living relatives. 她没有还健在的亲戚。

living alive live 意思都含“活的”,区别如下1:

living 用于生物时, 指“活着的”, 如:

Shelly was still living when Keats died. 济慈死时, 雪莱还在世。

alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重于状态, 它用作表语, 或放有名词或代词后作定语, 如:

The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day. 特务被活捉, 不过第二天便因重伤而死。

live 只用于物, 指“活的”, 如:

a live rat 一只活鼠

注意一些固定词组中的固定用法:

living things: anything that lives, such as plants, animals or people 生物

living language: a language that is still spoken today

the living 活着的人们

come alive 活跃起来;警觉起来/ stay alive

keep sb alive 使活着; 使继续着

be alive and well: to be healthy and enjoy life

be alive with: to be full of people, animals, or things that are moving: The dead tree is alive with insects.这棵枯树上爬满了昆虫。

live broadcast/programme / live performance/act/music

live match: a match that has not yet been used to produce a flame

live coals: pieces of coal that are burning 炽热的煤炭

语法难点精析之alive、live、living和lively的用法

⑴ lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思,可以指人或物,可作定语或标语;但它没有“活着的”意思,而其他三个都有。

如:

Young children are usually lively.

小孩子们通常是活泼的。

He told a very lively story.

他讲了一个生动的故事。

⑵alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思,与dead意义相反。但live通常只作前置定语,且一般用于动物;alive、living不仅可作定语(alive只能置于名词后;living一般置于名词前,也可置于名词后),也可以作表语。

如:

This is a live(=living) fish.(=This is a fish alive.)

这是一条活鱼。(指动物,且作定语时,三者均可用)

Who's the greatest man alive(=living man)?

谁是当今最伟大的人物?(指人,不能用live)

The fish is still alive(=living)

那条鱼还活着。(指动物作表语时不能用live)。

⑶living主要指在某个时候是活着的,而alive指本来有死的可能,但仍活着的。而且,作主语补足语或宾语补足语时,只能用alive;作比喻义(如“活像。。。”、“活生生的”等)解时,要用living。

如:

The enemy officer was caught alive.(作主语补足语,不用living)

那位敌方军官被活捉了。

We found the snake alive.(作宾语补足语,不用living)

He is the living image of his father.(比喻义,不用alive)

他活象他父亲。

⑷只有living前加the方可表示“活着的人”,作主语时,视作复数。

如:

The living are more important to us than the dead.

活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。