那么问题就来了,老师,什么叫形式倒装?

部分倒装与完全倒装的区别

英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,称为完全倒装;如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。

一、全部倒装

1.以here, there, now,then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如:

Here comes the train!

There goes the bell!

注意:如果句子的主语是人称代词,则不能使用倒装结构。如:

Here it comes! / There it goes!

2.有些动词短语以副词out,in,up,down,away等结尾,构成不及物动词短语。这时,为了使句子更形象,常将这些副词提前到句首。这时,句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面,构成全部倒装。(注意,这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词,也不能使用倒装结构。)如:

Up went the rocket.

Up it went.

3.为了强调表示地点的介词短语,常将这个介词短语放在句首,构成全部倒装。注意,这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如:

In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.

4.表语置于句首,且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如:

Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.

5.so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者,其倒装结构为“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。如:

She has finished her homework,so has her brother.

She hasn’t gone there, neither/nor has he.

但如果so表示强调, 即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时,其结构是“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:

She knows little English,so she does. 她英语懂得不多。她的确如此。

二.部分倒装

1.用于疑问句中。如:

How did you do that﹖

Did you see the film yesterday﹖

2.用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略,应把were, had,

should提到主语前面。如:

If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.

→Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.

3.用于as引导的让步状语从句中。as引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式:

1) 副词置于句首。如:

Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.