英语基础知识中被动语态特点和用法

学习英语要从基础开始入门，在学习的过程中掌握学习方法可以有效提高学习效率。下面，我给大家整理了英语基础入门需要掌握的被动语态的特点和用法，大家可以作为学习的参考。,一、被动语态的构成形式,1. 被动语态的基本时态变化,被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：,1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时,例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.,2) has /have been done 现在完成时,例All the preparations for the task have been pleted, and we're ready to start.,3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时,例A new cinema is being built here.,4) was/were done 一般过去时,例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.,5) had been done 过去完成时,例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been pleted in Beijing.,6) was/were being done 过去进行时,例A meeting was being held when I was there.,7) shall/will be done 一般将来时,例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,8) should/would be done 过去将来时,例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.,9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用),例The project will have been pleted before July.,2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式,1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。,例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.,2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。,例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.,3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。,例Someone caught the boy *** oking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught *** oking a cigarette.,4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。,例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。,例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.,3. 非谓语动词的被动语态,v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。,例I don't like being laughed at in the public.,学习英语的方法有很多，只要掌握了适合自己的方法，英语学习并没有想象中的难。在这里，我给大家推荐网，这是一个专业的英语学习平台，网上面有很多针对英语基础学习的方法和资讯，对大家学习英语能起到很大的帮助。