in the past 和in the last都是现在完成式的标志吗？

不是的，in the past 是过去式的标志，而 in the last/past +数字+years（在过去的多少年里）是现在完成时的标志。

例如：

It was fashionable in the past that women were laced in.

在过去，妇女束腰时髦。

Inthe past, the work in the factory could not move forward for lack of necessaryrules and regulations.

过去由于规章制度不健全， 这个厂的工作老是上不去。

All of the work we do is based on science. All of the listing petitions we've seen inthe past ten years have been scientifically based.

我们所做的一切都是在科学的基础上完成的。过去十年间我们所看到的所有列明物种的请愿书都是依照科学方法做的。

In the past ten years, I have been actively involved in academic researches and havepublished several articles in "Telecom Now", "Engineering Research" and "TelecomStrategies".

在过去的十年里，我积极从事学术研究，并在《当今电讯》、《工程研究》和《电讯战略》上发表了多篇文章。